Quick-action type vise having pawllocked slidable jaw



J. W. JANSSON Dec. 9, 1952 QUICK-ACTION TYPE vIsE HAVING PAwL-Locxn sLIbABLE JAW Filed March 24, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 .E .mi

Snventor;

' attorney- Patented Dec. 9, 1952 QUICK-ACTION TYPE VISE HAVING PAWIV.- LOCKED SLIDABLE JAW Janne Walfrid J ansson, Malung, Sweden Application March 24, 1949, Serial No. 83,257 In Sweden April 12, 1945 4 Claims.

My invention relates to certain improvements in vises of the so-called quick action type wherein the movable member of the vise may be quickly adjusted so as to be brought to a desired position within a relatively short time.

An object of the invention is to provide a vise of the quick action type having a pawl locked jaw, provided with spaced runners which render the jaw displaceable longitudinally along a slide which also includes spaced runners that are guided in a passage in the body of the vise that carries the fixed jaw. The runners of the jaw and the runners of the slide are spaced from each other Vin order to provide a vertical passageway between them thus enabling the vise to be used for gripping a long workpiece inserted between the jaws.

A further object of the invention is to provide a pawl-and-ratchet device giving a relatively ne adjustment of the movable jaw.

Another object is to provide a device for a coarse adjustment of the movable jaw to any desired position.

These objects I attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a top view of my vise.

Fig. 2v is a longitudinal sectional elevation of one embodiment of the vise, the jaws being nearly closed.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation similar to Fig. 2, showing the jaws in an opened position.

Fig. 4 shows half of the section on the line IV-IV of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the pawl.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a second embodiment having two rows of rackteeth.

Fig. 7 is a section on the line VII-VII of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the pawls used in the embodiment shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a top view of a part of the bottom of the body member carrying the xed jaw.

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a third embodiment of the vise.

Fig. 11 is a section on the line XI--XI of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a perspective View of the pawl used in the third embodiment.

Fig. 13 is an exploded plan view with parts in section of the embodiment of Figs. 1 5, and

Fig. 14 is a right hand end view of Fig. 1.

Referring rst to the construction of Figs. 1-

through 5, the vise comprises a hollow body member I which is provided with lugs 2 having holes 3 for bolts for securing the body member to a bench or the like in the usual manner. Preferably made in one piece with the body member I, is a jaw 4 which cooperates with a second, movable jaw 5 for holding the work in the usual manner. The jaw 5 is slidably connected by means of a screw 6 with a slide 'I which may be displaced in the body member I. The screw 6 is in the usual manner provided with a bolt head 8 which extends on the outside of the slide I and which is provided with a lever 9.

As will be clear from Fig. 4 the lower portion of the body member is hollow so as to leave a passage for the slide 'I which is provided with runners I0 sliding on shelves II at the sides of the passage in the body member. In holes I2 in said runners I0 there is arranged a` stud I3 carrying a robust pawl I4 which cooperates with a series of rack-teeth I5 in the centre of the bottom of the passage in the body member I. The surfaces I6 and Il of the pawl I4 and the teeth I5, respectively, engaging each other are undercut in such a way that the pawl I4 from a position on the top of a tooth will immediately fall down 0n to the bottom of the space between said tooth and the next when the pawl releases the edge of the top. In this way the pawl and the teeth cannot mesh with one another in intermediary positions which will of course not afford the same security as the position of meshing in which the pawl completely meshes with a tooth, as is shown in Fig. 2.

The jaw 5 is also provided with runners I6 which may slide on shelves I1 provided on the inside of the runners I0 of the slide 7. Instead the runners I5 may also slide on the shelves II for the runners I0. The upper portion of the runners I6 ends in an inclined edge I8 so as to provide clearance for the lateral portions of the pawl I4 and the stud I3 While the lower portions I9 of the runners I6 extend behind the pawl. At their free end the extensions I9 are provided with a projection 20 turned upwards, which projections engage corresponding shoulders 2I on the pawl I4 when the jaw 5 is displaced from the jaw 4 by turning the lever 9 as is shown in Fig. 3. By this engagement the pawl I4 is turned counter-clockwise out of meshing with the teeth I5.

At the free end the aperture between the runners I0 of the slide 1 is closed rearwards and upwards by means of a plate 22 bent at an angle. Further a plate 23 covers the centre of the opening of the passage in the body member I below the jaw 4. Y

As will be clear from the above, there is free passage between the runners I and I6 just below the gap between the jaws 4 and 5 so that a long Work piece which is vertically clamped between the jaws may pass down in the opening between said runners I0 and I6.

In using the vise according to the invention it is necessary for displacing the jaw away from the jaw 4 to turn the lever 9 so as to displace the jaw 5 in relation to the slide 1 until the projections 20 on the extensions I9 engage the shoulders 2I on the pawl I4 and bring the latter out of engagement with the rack-teeth I5. The jaw 5 may then together with the slide 1 be drawn to the right in Fig. 3 a desired distance whereupon a work piece placedbetween said jaws may be gripped by rst moving the slide 7 and the jaw 5 tothe left as a unit, the pawl I4 jumping from vtooth to tooth if the pawl is not brought out of engagement with the rack-teeth I5, and then by moving the jaw 5 with respectto the locked slide 'I by operating the screw 6. The stroke of the jaw 5, which may be effected by means of the screw 6 should be a little larger than the distance between two adjacent teeth I5.

The embodiment illustrated in Figs. -6-9 differs from `the embodiment just described in that there are provided two series of rack-teeth each cooperating ,with a separate pawl, which series are displaced in relation to each other. In this way thedistance between two locking positions of the pawl-and-ratchet device will only be half of the corresponding distance in vthe ,embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1-5. Thus the necessary turning of the screw 6 vis reduced.

In the constructionof Figs, 6,-9 two pawls i4 and I4 vare pivotedl on the stud I3, said pawls being separated by' means-of a spacing .washer 24. The pawls Iii and I4" lcooperate With ,tvvo series of rack-teeth I5' and I5" which are displaced relatively ito each other in the direction of movement -of the jaw .5 -sucha distance .that the teeth I5 are situated j ustopposite the spaces between the teeth t5", Thus, the lnecessary maximaldisplacement ofthe slide 'I relatively to the body member vI in order to bringa pawl into engagement witha tooth is only half of the .necessary displacement whenonly one series of rack-teeth isused having teeth of the same size.

In order to further reduce themaximumdisplacement which is necessary, -of course, more than two series ofrack-teeth may, be .n.sed,` but as the displacement has already been reducedto the half by means Vof two series, this is inthe most cases sufficient in practice.

The pawls I4' and I4,are,actuated in thesarne manner as described Vwith reference to `Figs. 1-5, the pawls being provided .witha shoulderf2 I and 2 I respectively against which the projections 29 abut. Preferably, the projections yare .connected toeach otherby means ofabridgee'g.

The operation of the Iembodiment.'illustrated in Figs. 6-9 is substantially the sameas that ofthe embodiment illustratedin Figs. g 1 5.

The third embodiment illustrated inzFigsv. 10-12 has a locking device .operating bywedge actionY 4 sponds to the shape of a rail 21 provided in the centre of the bottom of the passage in the body member I. When the pawl 25 is free to turn down towards the rail 21 it Will prevent the slide 'I from being displaced away from the xed jaw 4 by means of the wedging of the recess 26 on the rail and the Wedging action increases according to the power With Which'one tries to move the slide I away from theiixed' jaw 4. In order to ensure that the pawl 25 does not fasten in the position where it is out of engagement with the rail, it may .l be a-ctuated by a spring, for instance, a leaf spring (not shown) secured to the angle plate 22, which tends'to bring the pawl into engagement with the rail.

To the covering plate 23 there is secured a leaf spring 23 which prevents the pawl 25, owing to a certain elasticity of the material of the plate 23, from coming into engagement with the rail so close to the plate 23 that this plate then prevents the pawl from being turned out of engagement with the rail 2i. However, owing to the elasticity cf the spring 23 the pawl may always be turned counter-clockwise in Fig. ii).

Due to the fact that the pawl may be brought into engagement with the rail in any position, the necessary movement o the jaw E by means of the screw 6 may be made very small, the vise thus being usable in a very comfortable way.

1n comparison with the embodiments previously described the last-mentioned embodiment has also the advantage that the movement of the jaw 5 against the jaw@ is carried out silently even when the pawl 25 is turned down against the rail El' so that `one is spared lthe rattling noise of the pawl jumping from one tooth to the neX What I claim is:

l. A vise comprising a body having a fixed jaw, a passage in said body, a slide comprising spaced runners guided in said passage, a movable jaw displaceably connected to said slide, a device for locking said slide lagainst movement relative to said body, said locking device comprising at least one pivoted pawl for Yengaging corresponding locking means arranged in said body, said movable jaw being provided with spaced runners formed so as to abut against a projection of said pawl in a certain position ofv said movable jaw relative to said slide for swinging said pawl out of lengagement with said locking means in said body, the runners of said slide and the runners of said movablejaw being spaced in order to provide a passageway between them for a workpiece nserted between said jaws.

a passage in said body, a slidecomprising spaced A runners guided in said,v passage, va movable jaw displaceably connected to said slide, atleast one series of rack-teeth in the bottom of said passage, a pawl Vfor each series of rack-teeth for .engagement with said teeth, said pawl being pivoteu to said slide, said movable jaw being provided with spaced runners v having a projection for abutting vagainst a portion of said pawl in a certain position of said movable jaw relative to said slide for swinging said pawl out of engagement with said teeth, ithe runners of said slide and the runners of said movable jaw being spaced in order to provide a passageway between them for a workpiece inserted between said jaws.

3. A vise comprising a body having a fixed jaw,

ya passage in said body, a slide comprising spaced `runners guided in said passage, a movable jaw displaceablyconnected y to said slide, two series of rralifieeihf in the bottom Q1 said passage, Ysan series of rack teeth having their teeth relatively displaced in the direction of movement of said slide, a pawl for each series of rack-teeth for engagement with the corresponding teeth, which pawl is pivoted to said slide, said movable jaw being provided with spaced runners having a projection for abutting against a portion of said pawls in a certain position of said movable jaw relative to said slide for swinging said pawls out of engagement with their corresponding teeth, the runners of said slide and the runners of said movable jaw being spaced in order to provide a passageway between them for a workpiece inserted between said jaws.

4. A vise comprising a body having a xed jaw, a passage in said body, a slide comprising spaced runners guided in said passage, a movable jaw displaceably connected to said slide, a rail in the bottom of said passage tapering upwards, a pawl having a recess corresponding to the form of said rail for wedging engagement with said rail, said pawl being pivoted to said slide, said movable jaw being provided with spaced runners having a projection for abutting against a portion of said pawl in a certain position of said movable jaw relative to said slide for swinging said pawl out of engagement with said rail, the runners of said slide and the runners of said movable jaw 4being spaced in order to provide a passageway between them for a workpiece inserted between said jaws.

J ANNE WALFRID J ANSSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 102,919 Crawley et al. May 10, 1870 15 140,269 Hau June 24, 1873 279,260 Lewis June 12, 1883 375,538 Crawford Dec. 27, 1887 774,574 Fleischmann Nov. 8, 1904 781,285 Kincaid Jan. 3l, 1905 20 1,323,647 Peters Dec. 2, 1919 1,451,724 Walker et al Apr. 17, 1923 1,616,039 Gossage Feb. l, 1927 FOREIGN PATENTS 25 Number Country Date 313,720 Germany July 31, 1919 

